Background :There are important cognitive issues in patients with epilepsy, which can be referred to as impairment in executive functions such as attention. Objectives :This research aims to compare the effectiveness of COMPUTER-based cognitive rehabilitation PROGRAMS and task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation PROGRAMS on attention in children with epilepsy in Tehran. Methods :The present research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all children with epilepsy who were referred to the neurology clinic of Mofid Children's Hospital in 2021. Using the purposeful sampling method, 45 eligible children were included in the study and were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups and 1 control group (15 people in each group). The Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA2) of Sohlberg and Mateer (2001) was used for data collection. The experimental groups underwent the intervention of the COMPUTERized cognitive rehabilitation program of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test (1980) (12 sessions of 45 minutes) and the task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation program (12 sessions of 45 minutes). The control group did not receive any intervention. SPSS 20 software was used for data analysis. Univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was performed using a significance level of 0.05. Results :The results demonstrated that both COMPUTER-based cognitive rehabilitation PROGRAMS and task-based cognitive rehabilitation were effective in increasing the attention of epileptic children in Tehran (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of COMPUTER-based cognitive rehabilitation PROGRAMS and task-based cognitive rehabilitation in increasing the attention of epileptic children (P = 0.67). Conclusions :It can be concluded that COMPUTER-based and task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation PROGRAMS can be used to increase attention and executive functions in children with epilepsy.